The many faces of anthropogenic evolution: reconciling isolated lines of research on human-induced selection under the banner of ethnobiology

Evolutionary research in ethnobiology needs to be effectively reconciled with other work concerning human-induced evolution. We suggest that these fields have been separated by different choices of organisms, interpretive lenses, disciplinary journals, and perceived consequences for human managers. Evolutionary ecologists provide numerous examples of evolution from selective fishing, hunting, timbering, and medicinal plant collection. These publications show minimal cross-citation with evolutionary research on ethnobiological topics (e.g. evolutionary effects of domestication and traditional resource management). We discuss opportunities for mutual enrichment between these compatible lines of research through a review of each literature and identify four promising areas for increased interchange: study systems, research questions, methods, and theory. We propose evolutionary ethnoecology as an umbrella term to unify these parallel research efforts with the hope that increased communication will contribute to a richer understanding of our evolutionary footprint.